English

Fluorinated Precursor Compounds in Sediments as a Source of Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids (PFAA) to Biota

Environmental Science and Technology ()

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c04587

Åpen tilgang (hybrid)

1 Akvaplan-niva (nåværende ansatt)

Forfattere (9)
  1. Håkon Austad Langberg
  2. Gijsbert Dirk Breedveld
  3. Gøril Aasen Slinde
  4. Hege Mentzoni Grønning
  5. Åse Høisæter
  6. Morten Jartun
  7. Jan Thomas Rundberget
  8. Bjørn Munro Jenssen
  9. Sarah Elizabeth Hale

Abstract

The environmental behavior of perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAA) and their precursors was investigated in lake Tyrifjorden, downstream a factory producing paper products coated with per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS). Low water concentrations (max 0.18 ng L–1 linear perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, L-PFOS) compared to biota (mean 149 μg kg–1 L-PFOS in perch livers) resulted in high bioaccumulation factors (L-PFOS BAFPerch liver: 8.05 × 105–5.14 × 106). Sediment concentrations were high, particularly for the PFOS precursor SAmPAP diester (max 1 872 μg kg–1). Biota-sediment accumulation factors (L-PFOS BSAFPerch liver: 22–559) were comparable to elsewhere, and concentrations of PFAA precursors and long chained PFAA in biota were positively correlated to the ratio of carbon isotopes (13C/12C), indicating positive correlations to dietary intake of benthic organisms. The sum fluorine from targeted analyses accounted for 54% of the extractable organic fluorine in sediment, and 9–108% in biota. This, and high trophic magnification factors (TMF, 3.7–9.3 for L-PFOS), suggests that hydrophobic precursors in sediments undergo transformation and are a main source of PFAA accumulation in top predator fish. Due to the combination of water exchange and dilution, transformation of larger hydrophobic precursors in sediments can be a source to PFAA, some of which are normally associated with uptake from water.

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